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    <pre style="white-space:pre-line"><code>闉嬫湇璁捐?  闉? 绫? 宸? 鑹? 涓? 璁? 璁?       ? 绗?鍗?
褰掔撼涓哄钩缁ｃ€佹潯绾圭唬銆佺偣缁ｃ€佺紪缁ｃ€佺綉缁ｃ€佺罕缁ｃ€佽緟鍔?         鐞嗚В [10]銆傛睙鍗楀湴鍖虹殑鑷劧椋庡厜濡傚北姘淬€佽姳楦熺瓑涓鸿嫃缁ｅ浘
閽堟硶绛変竷澶х被 [9]锛屽叡璁?40 浣欑锛屾瘡涓€绉嶉拡娉曢兘鍥犲悇鑷壒    妗堟彁渚涗簡涓板瘜鐨勫垱浣滈鏉愶紝褰㈡垚浜嗙嫭鐗圭殑娓呯浼橀泤椋庢牸銆?瀹氱殑绾挎潯缁勭粐瑙勫緥鑰屽憟鐜板嚭鐙壒鐨勮瑙夋晥鏋溿€傚洜姝わ紝閽?         鏂囦汉闆呭＋鐨勮壓鏈慨鍏讳笌缇庡杩芥眰娣卞埢褰卞搷浜嗚嫃缁ｇ殑璁捐
娉曟樉鐒舵垚涓鸿嫃缁ｈ壓鏈瓍鍔涚殑閲嶈缁勬垚閮ㄥ垎銆?              鐞嗗康锛屼娇鍏舵敞閲嶈〃鐜扮粏鑵荤殑缇庢劅鍜岄珮闆呯殑鎰忓锛屽舰鎴愪簡
                                  鈥滃皬涓澶р€濃€滄煍涓甫鍒氣€濈殑鑹烘湳鐗硅壊銆傛湰鐮旂┒閫氳繃淇℃伅
3.1.3 缁ｅ伐瑕佺礌                        鍙鍖栫洿瑙傚睍鐜拌嫃缁ｇ殑鍒朵綔杩囩▼銆佹妧鑹鸿鐐瑰拰鏂囧寲鑳屾櫙銆?      鑻忕唬鐨勭唬宸ョ壒鐐瑰彲浠ユ鎷负 8 涓瓧?鈥滃钩銆侀綈銆佺粏銆?  杩欑浣庨棬妲涖€佸己浜掑姩鐨勮〃杈炬柟寮忥紝鏈夊姪浜庣缉鐭彈浼楃殑瀛︿範
                                  鍛ㄦ湡銆傚皢鐮旂┒鎴愭灉铻嶅叆璇惧爞鏁欏涓紝鏈夊姪浜庡煿鑲插勾杞讳竴
瀵嗐€佸寑銆侀『銆佸拰銆佸厜鈥濄€備緥濡傦紝鈥滃厜鈥濇寚鐨勬槸缁ｉ潰鐨勫厜娉芥晥鏋滐紝      浠ｇ殑瀹＄編鎰熺煡锛屽府鍔╄浼楁劅鍙楄嫃缁ｆ墍钑村惈鐨勬儏鎰熷拰浠峰€硷紝
闇€瑕侀€氳繃鍚堥€傜殑閽堟硶浣跨唬鍝佹暣浣撳厜娉借〃鐜板埌浣嶄笖涓嶄細寮?         鐞嗚В涓崕浼樼浼犵粺鏂囧寲鑹烘湳鐨勭簿楂擄紝鏍戠珛姝ｇ‘鐨勫缇庤锛?璧风偒鐩€?                             澧炲己鏂囧寲鑷俊鍜屾皯鏃忚鍚屾劅銆?
3.1.4 棰樻潗瑕佺礌                        4缁撹
      浼犵粺鍒虹唬鍙垎涓哄浘妗堥鏉愬拰鐢荤唬棰樻潗涓ょ銆傚浘妗堢唬棰?                                        鏈枃灏嗘枃鍖栬鍚岀殑褰㈡垚褰掍负鏂囧寲绗﹀彿璁ゅ悓銆佹枃鍖栬韩浠?鏉愬線寰€閫夊彇鎴忔洸鏁呬簨銆佺璇濅紶璇村強涓€浜涘叿鏈夊悏绁ュ瘬鎰忕殑          璁ゅ悓鍙婃枃鍖栦环鍊艰鍚岋紝鍩轰簬姝ゆ瀯寤鸿嫃缁ｇ殑鍙鍖栬璁℃
鍥炬锛岃繖绫婚鏉愯璧嬩簣浜嗗枩搴嗐€侀暱瀵裤€佸悏绁ョ瓑瀵撴剰銆傜敾          鏋躲€傚皢鑻忕唬鐙壒鐨勮壓鏈壒鑹蹭笌鏁板瓧鍖栨墜娈电浉缁撳悎锛岃兘澶?缁ｉ鏉愬鐢ㄤ簬琛ㄧ幇浼犵粺涔︾敾浣滃搧锛屽湪缁ｇ鏂归潰涓昏鍊熷姪          澧炲己鍏紬瀵瑰叾鏂囧寲浠峰€肩殑鐞嗚В锛屾媺杩戜紶缁熸枃鍖栦笌褰撲唬鍙?鍚嶅涔︾敾浣滃搧涓哄垱浣滆摑鏈紝瀵圭唬宸ュ拰缁ｈ壊鏂归潰涔熸湁鐫€鐙?         浼椾箣闂寸殑璺濈锛屼笉浠呮彁鍗囦簡鑻忕唬鍦ㄨ瑙夎〃杈句笂鐨勫惛寮曞姏
鐗圭殑瑕佹眰銆?                            涓庝紶鎾姏锛屼篃涓哄叾浠栭潪閬楅」鐩殑鏁板瓧鍖栦繚鎶や笌鍒涙柊鎻愪緵
                                  浜嗗€熼壌鎰忎箟銆傜洰鍓嶏紝杩欎竴淇℃伅鍙鍖栬璁℃ā鍨嬩粛澶勪簬鐞?      缁间笂鎵€杩帮紝閫氳繃鑻忕唬鎵€鍛堢幇鐨勭鍙峰厓绱狅紝灏嗕紶缁熸墜      璁烘帰绱㈤樁娈碉紝鏈潵杩橀渶瑕佸鍏惰繘琛岃繘涓€姝ョ殑楠岃瘉涓庡畬鍠勶紝
宸ヨ壓浠庢棤褰㈠彉涓烘湁褰紝浣胯嫃缁ｅ緱浠ュ叿璞″寲鍛堢幇锛屼粠鑰屾洿          鍏呭垎鎸栨帢闈為仐鐨勬枃鍖栨綔鍔涗笌鑹烘湳浠峰€硷紝璁╄嫃缁ｅ湪澶氬厓鍖?渚夸簬骞挎硾浼犳挱锛屽苟鑳戒负涓綋鍦ㄥ閫犳枃鍖栦环鍊艰鍚屾柟闈㈡彁          鐨勬椂浠ｈ澧冧腑鐒曞彂鏂扮敓銆?渚涙洿鍔犱究鎹风殑閫斿緞銆?                                  鍙傝€冩枃鐚細
3.2 鍦版柟鐗规€ф瀯寤鸿韩浠借鐭?      鑻忕唬鐨勫湴鍩熸€ф枃鍖栫涓嶅紑鍏?2000 澶氬勾鐨勫巻鍙叉矇娣€銆? [1] 鍒樻攢 . 褰撲唬鑻忕唬鑹烘湳鐨勪紶鎵夸笌鍒涙柊鐮旂┒ [J]. 涓濈綉鍗板埛 ,2023(21):29-31.
                                  [2] 鑻忓濮?. 涓師闈炵墿璐ㄦ枃鍖栭仐浜т繚鎶や笌鍖哄煙鏂囧寲璁ゅ悓 [J]. 鏂囧寲浜?鍦ㄨ繖 2000 澶氬勾鐨勫巻鍙蹭腑鍥寸粫鑻忕唬璇炵敓浜嗚璁稿澶氱殑鏁呬簨锛?鍏朵腑鏈€涓鸿剭鐐欎汉鍙ｇ殑濡傚瓩鏉冨懡璧靛か浜烘墜缁ｃ€婂垪鍥藉浘銆嬨€佷徊                   涓?,2023(17):17-19.
闆嶅瓩濂抽鍒剁唬琛ｇ瓑鏁呬簨銆傚湪绾挎€у彊浜嬫帹鍔ㄨ嫃缁ｅ彂灞曠殑杩?         [3] 寮犻洩 . 鑻忕唬鎶€娉曠殑婕旇繘鍙戝睍鍘嗙▼鐮旂┒ [D]. 鑻忓窞 : 鑻忓窞澶у ,2017.
绋嬩腑锛屽皢姝ょ被灏忔晠浜嬩互浜や簰鍔ㄧ敾鐨勫舰寮忕┛鎻掑叾涓紝鐢ㄦ埛          [4] 瀹?鏌?鍙?, 鏉?姝?. 鍚?鏂?鍖?鑳?鏅?涓?鐨?鑻?缁?鑹?鏈?鐮?绌?[J]. 缇?涓?鏃?浠?鍙互鑷繁鎿嶆帶鏁呬簨鍙戝睍锛屼唬鍏ュ搴旂殑鏂囧寲韬唤銆傚湪鍙備笌
鏁板瓧浜や簰鐨勮繃绋嬩腑锛岀敤鎴峰彲浠ュ湪瀛︿範鐩稿叧鏂囧寲鐭ヨ瘑鐨勫悓                    ( 涓?),2017(09):34-36.
鏃讹紝鍒囪韩浣撻獙鑻忕唬婕暱鍙戝睍鍙茬殑姣忎竴涓簿褰╃灛闂淬€傛澶栵紝         [5] 涓佷寒 . 鏂囧寲鑷俊瑙嗗煙涓嬫皯鏃忓厓绱犲湪鐨潻浜у搧璁捐涓殑搴旂敤鍒嗘瀽 [J].
鑻忕唬鏄惔鏂囧寲鍦堢殑浠ｈ〃鎶€鑹轰箣涓€锛屾壙杞界潃鍚村湴鍗冨勾鐨勫巻
鍙蹭笌鏂囨槑锛岃嫃缁ｄ笉浠呬粎灞曠ず浜嗚嫃宸炰紶缁熷伐鑹虹殑鍗撹秺鎶€鑹猴紝                   涓浗鐨潻 ,2024,53(10):116-119.
鏇磋暣鍚簡鐙壒鐨勪笢鏂圭編瀛︺€傛湰鐮旂┒鍊熷姪鏁板瓧鍔ㄧ敾鍦烘櫙锛屼负         [6] 楂樻檽鐕?. 娴呮瀽鍒虹唬宸ヨ壓鍦ㄦ枃鍒涙墜浣滀骇鍝佽兏閽堜腑鐨勫簲鐢?[J]. 瑗块儴鐨?鐢ㄦ埛濉戦€犳祿鍘氬吀闆呯殑鑻忓窞缇庨煹锛屼娇鐢ㄦ埛鑳藉韬复鍏跺鍦?浣撻獙鑻忓窞鏂囧寲锛屼骇鐢熺兢浣撲緷闄勬€э紝浠庤€屽湪涓崕浼樼浼犵粺                    闈?,2022,44(20):130-132.
鏂囧寲涓‘璁よ嚜宸辩殑鏂囧寲褰掑睘銆?                    [7] 褰磥 . 涓鍘嗗彶璇剧▼涓庢皯鏃忔剰璇嗙殑鍩瑰吇 [D]. 鍗椾含 : 鍗椾含甯堣寖澶?
3.3 瀹＄編鎰熺煡褰㈡垚浠峰€艰鍚?                             瀛?,2008.
      闅忕潃绀句細鏂囧寲闇€姹傚拰浜轰滑瀹＄編鎰忚瘑鐨勪笉鏂彁鍗囷紝浜轰滑     [8] 椴佽秴妤?.Z 涓栦唬鍥芥疆鍝佺墝娑堣垂涓殑鏂囧寲璁ゅ悓鐮旂┒ [D]. 閲嶅簡 : 瑗垮崡

瀵瑰埡缁ｅ伐鑹虹殑闇€姹備粠鏃ュ父瀹炵敤閫愭笎杞悜鑹烘湳娆ｈ祻銆傝嫃缁ｄ笉                   澶у ,2021.
鍐嶅彧鏄棩鐢ㄥ搧锛岃€屾槸鎴愪负鍏锋湁瑙傝祻浠峰€煎拰鏂囧寲鍐呮兜鐨勮壓          [9] 姹?娌?, 绋?楣?, 閮?淇?璋?, 绛?. 鍩?浜?浜?浜掋€?娌?娴?涓?鐢?鎴?鑹?鏈?鐨?鍗?鐗?鏈搧銆傝壓鏈綔鍝侀€氳繃鎯呮劅鐨勮〃杈捐Е鍔ㄨ浼楃殑鍐呭績锛屽紩鍙?鍏舵儏鎰熷叡楦ｏ紝浠庤€屽桨鏄捐壓鏈殑鍔涢噺銆備笉鍚岀殑鏂囧寲鑳屾櫙鍜?                   棣嗕釜浜轰綋楠岃缃璁″垵鎺?浠ヨ嫃缁ｈ壓鏈崥鐗╅涓轰緥 [J]. 鍗氱墿
鐢熸椿缁忛獙浼氬奖鍝嶄汉浠鍚屼竴鑹烘湳浣滃搧鐨勬儏鎰熷弽搴斿拰瀹＄編                    闄?,2022(03):103-107.
                                  [10] 瀛欏媷鎵?. 瑙嗚鏂囧寲涓庡缇庣粡楠?浠ヨ瑙夋枃鍖栬儗鏅笅鐨勭數褰卞缇?                                            涓轰緥 [J]. 姹熻嫃绗簩甯堣寖瀛﹂櫌瀛︽姤 ,2017,33(08):75-78+125.

路8路</code></pre>
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