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    <pre style="white-space:pre-line"><code>绗?21 鏈?  寰愯搲钃夛紝绛? 鏂囧寲璁ゅ悓瑙嗗煙涓嬭嫃缁ｄ俊鎭彲瑙嗗寲璁捐鎺㈢储  ? 闉嬫湇璁捐

瀹跺吇铓曪紝鎴锋埛鍒虹唬鈥濈殑浠庝笟瑙勬ā銆傝嫃宸炶瑾変负鈥滅唬甯傗€濆悕       绮剧編鐨勬墜宸ユ妧鑹猴紝鏇存壙杞界潃娣卞帤鐨勬枃鍖栧唴娑点€傝嫃缁ｆ妧娉?鎵捣澶?[4]銆傛鏃剁殑鑻忕唬锛屼笂鑷虫潈璐典笅鑷冲皬闂ㄥ皬鎴凤紝浠栦滑鐨?   绮炬箾锛屽彲缁嗗垎鎴?43 绉嶉拡娉曪紝姣忎竴绉嶉拡娉曢兘鍏锋湁鍚勮嚜鐨勭壒鐐癸紝
鐢熸椿涓庤嫃缁ｇ揣瀵嗙浉杩炪€傛竻鏈皯鍒濓紝涓浗鐨勫彉灞€鍌敓浜嗛攼鎰?      浣撶幇浜嗕腑鍥藉埡缁ｆ妧鑹虹殑澶嶆潅鎬у拰楂樿秴姘村钩銆傝繖浜涚嫭鐗圭殑
鍒涙柊鐨勮嫃缁ｅぇ甯堟矆瀵裤€佹潹瀹堢帀绛変汉锛屽湪閽堟硶鍙婅〃鐜伴鏍间笂       閽堟硶涓嶄粎鏄埡缁ｆ妧鑹虹殑璞″緛锛屼篃浠ｈ〃浜嗕紶缁熸墜宸ヨ壓绮剧泭
鍋氬嚭浜嗙嫭鐗圭殑鍒涙柊銆?0 涓栫邯涓婂崐鍙讹紝闅忕潃瑗挎柟鏂囧寲鐨勫ぇ      姹傜簿鐨勫伐鍖犵簿绁?[6]銆傝嫃缁ｄ笉浠呭叿鏈夎壓鏈环鍊硷紝杩樿暣鍚潃涓?閲忔秾鍏ワ紝鎺ㄥ姩鑻忕唬涓嶆柇鍒涙柊锛岃嫃缁ｅ畬鎴愪簡浠庘€滀紶缁熷伐鑹衡€?      瀵岀殑鍘嗗彶鍜岀ぞ浼氬唴娑点€備紶缁熻嫃缁ｄ笉浠呮槸瀹炵敤鐨勮楗板伐鑹猴紝
鍒扳€滅幇浠ｈ壓鏈?/ 浜т笟鈥濈殑鏍稿績铚曞彉銆?             鏇存槸韬唤涓庡湴浣嶇殑璞″緛锛岃骞挎硾杩愮敤浜庣殗瀹舵湇楗般€佸睆椋?                                鍜屽叾浠栭珮妗ｇ敤鍝佷腑銆傜幇浠ｈ嫃缁ｉ€愭笎鎴愪负鏂囧寲浜ゆ祦鐨勮浇浣擄紝
2.2 鑻忕唬鐨勮壓鏈壒鑹?                    閫氳繃闈為仐浼犳壙鍜屽浗闄呭睍瑙堬紝骞挎硾浼犳挱浜嗕腑鍥戒紶缁熸枃鍖栫殑榄?                                鍔涖€傞€氳繃鑻忕唬锛屼汉浠兘娣卞埢鎰熷彈鍒颁紶缁熸枃鍖栫殑娣卞帤搴曡暣鍜?2.2.1 鍦版柟鎬?                      姘告亽榄呭姏锛屼娇鍏舵垚涓鸿繛鎺ュ彜浠娿€佹矡閫氫腑澶栫殑閲嶈鏂囧寲濯掍粙銆?
      淇楄璇达細鈥滀竴鏂规按鍦熷吇鑲蹭竴鏂逛汉銆傗€濋潪閬楁槸姘戜紬鏃ュ父鐢? 3 鏂囧寲璁ゅ悓瑙嗗煙涓嬮潪閬楄嫃缁ｈ瑙夊彲瑙嗗寲璁捐妗嗘灦
娲荤殑浜х墿锛屽叾鍏峰褰撳湴鐙壒鐨勯鍦熶汉鎯呫€傝嫃缁ｅ苟闈炴棤褰㈢殑锛?鑰屾槸鏈夌壒瀹氱殑鐗╁拰绌洪棿銆傜壒瀹氱殑鍦扮悊绌洪棿闅忕潃鏃堕棿鐨勬帹              鏈爺绌跺湪鏂囧寲璁ゅ悓鐨勮鍩熶笅锛屾瀯寤洪潪閬楄嫃缁ｇ殑瑙嗚
绉诲姞娣变簡璇ュ湴鍖轰汉浠闈為仐鐨勬枃鍖栬蹇嗭紝鍞ら啋浜嗕粬浠        鍙鍖栬璁℃鏋讹紝鏈熸湜璁╃敤鎴峰湪浣撻獙绾夸笂鏁板瓧浜у搧鐨勮繃
鏈皯鏃忔枃鍖栫殑鍖哄煙璁ゅ悓銆傝嫃宸炲湴鍖哄湴澶勬睙鍗楁按涔★紝姘斿€?       绋嬩腑锛屾彁鍗囧姘戞棌鏂囧寲鐨勮鍚屾劅銆佽嚜璞劅鍜岃矗浠绘劅 [7]銆傛枃
娓╂殩婀挎鼎锛岀墿浜т赴瀵岋紝閫傚疁鍏昏殨鍒朵笣銆傚綋鍦板嚭浜х殑涓濈嚎        鍖栬鍚岀殑褰㈡垚杩囩▼鍙垎涓?3 涓楠わ細鏂囧寲绗﹀彿璁ゅ悓銆佹枃鍖?璐ㄥ湴鏌旈煣鍏夋粦锛岃壊娉介矞鑹筹紝涓鸿嫃缁ｆ彁渚涗簡浼樿川鐨勬潗鏂欏熀纭€銆?     韬唤璁ゅ悓鍜屾枃鍖栦环鍊艰鍚?[8]銆傛枃鍖栫鍙疯鐭ユ槸鐢变釜浣撳洜澶?鑻忕唬鐨勫彂灞曞緱鐩婁簬鑻忓窞涓濈桓浜т笟鐨勭箒鑽ｃ€傚湴鏂规€х殑缁忔祹        閮ㄧ幆澧冩垨鍐呴儴鍥犵礌椹卞姩鎵€浜х敓鐨勫鏂囧寲鐨勮嚜鎴戞帰绱€傚湪
鍩虹鍜屽競鍦洪渶姹傛帹鍔ㄤ簡鑻忕唬鎶€鑹虹殑绮捐繘鍜屽箍娉涗紶鎾€?        鐗瑰畾鐨勬枃鍖栬蹇嗕笅锛屼釜浣撻€氳繃瀛︿範鍜屼綋楠屽舰鎴愯嚜宸辩殑鏂?                                鍖栬鐭ユ鏋讹紝浠庤€岃瀺鍏ユ枃鍖栫兢浣撳苟鎻愬崌鑷繁鐨勬枃鍖栬韩浠?2.2.2 绗﹀彿鎬?                      褰掑睘鎰熴€傛枃鍖栦环鍊艰鍚屾槸鏂囧寲璁ゅ悓涓渶鏍稿績鐨勯儴鍒嗐€傚綋
                                浜轰滑璁ゅ悓鏌愮鏂囧寲浠峰€兼椂 , 璇ユ枃鍖栦环鍊艰蹇典究琚汉浠唴鍖?      瀹忚涓婅€岃█锛屸€滆嫃缁ｂ€濅竴璇嶆湰韬氨甯︽湁绗﹀彿鎬э紝浠ｈ〃   涓鸿嚜宸辩殑绮剧涓栫晫銆?鐫€姹熷崡鏂囧寲鐨勪竴閮ㄥ垎銆傝嫃缁ｄ綔涓鸿嫃宸炲湴鍖虹殑浠ｈ〃鎬т紶缁?宸ヨ壓锛屼綋鐜颁簡姹熷崡鏂囧寲鐨勪紭闆呭拰缁嗚吇銆傚叾棰樻潗澶氬彇鑷睙        3.1 绗﹀彿鍏冪礌鍞ら啋鏂囧寲鍗拌薄
鍗楁按涔＄殑鑷劧椋庡厜锛屽灞辨按銆佽姳楦熴€佹槅铏瓑锛屽叿鏈夋祿閮?鐨勫湴鏂圭壒鑹诧紝鎴愪负鑻忓窞鍦板煙鏂囧寲鐨勮薄寰併€傛妧鑹虹被闈為仐闇€              鍦ㄨ嫃缁ｅ彲瑙嗗寲璁捐涓紝鍒嗗埆浠ョ绫昏绱犮€侀拡娉曡绱犮€?瑕佸叿浣撶殑褰㈣薄鍜岃浇浣撴潵鍛堢幇锛岃繖绉嶅憟鐜版槸鍙鍖栫殑锛屼篃        缁ｅ伐瑕佺礌鍜岄鏉愯绱犱綔涓鸿嫃缁ｇ殑绗﹀彿鍏冪礌锛屾彁渚涗互瑙嗚
灏卞叿澶囦簡绗﹀彿鎬с€傝嫃缁ｄ互鍏剁粴涓界殑鑹插僵銆佺簿缁嗙殑閽堟硶鍜?       璁捐涓轰富锛屽惉瑙夈€佽Е瑙夎璁′负杈呯殑澶氭劅瀹樿瘑鍒€傞€氳繃绾挎€с€?缁嗚吇鐨勭敾闈紝褰㈡垚浜嗙嫭鐗圭殑瑙嗚绗﹀彿銆傚叾涓弻闈㈢唬鎶€鑹?       闈炵嚎鎬х殑鍙欎簨瑙掑害灏嗚嫃缁ｇ鍙峰厓绱犲憟鐜板湪瑙備紬鐪煎墠锛屼娇
鏄竴椤归噸澶х獊鐮达紝鍏朵娇寰楃唬鍝佺殑姝ｅ弽涓ら潰鑳藉睍绀轰笉鍚岀殑        浠栦滑瀵硅嫃缁ｆ枃鍖栫殑鍗拌薄鏇村姞娣卞埢锛屼粠鑰屾縺鍙戜粬浠繘涓€姝?鍥炬鍜岃壊褰╋紝澧炲己浜嗚壓鏈〃鐜板姏鍜岃璧忎环鍊?[5]銆?       鎺㈢储鑻忕唬鐨勫叴瓒ｅ拰娆叉湜銆?
2.2.3 瀹＄編鎬?                      3.1.1 绉嶇被瑕佺礌

      搴峰痉璁や负锛屽缇庡苟闈炲缓绔嬪湪涓汉鐨勬儏鎰熷熀纭€涔嬩笂锛岃€?        浼犵粺鑻忕唬鐨勭绫诲彲鍒嗕负 3 绉嶏細瀹环缁ｃ€侀椇闃佺唬鍜屾皯闂?鏄熀浜庝汉绫诲叡閫氱殑瀹＄編鎯呮劅銆傚湪姹熷崡鏂囧寲鍦堝唴锛屼汉浠鑻?      瀹炵敤缁ｃ€傚寤风唬鍖呭惈寰＄敤鏈嶉グ銆佸畼鏈嶃€佸悗濡冩湇浠ュ強瀹环浠?缁ｈ繖涓€姘戜織鏂囧寲鏄叿鏈夊湴鍩熷叡閫氭€х殑銆傝嫃缁ｇ殑棰樻潗澶氫互        浠楃瓑涓庢椿鍔ㄦ湁鍏崇殑缁ｅ搧銆傜殗瀹よ吹鏃忚拷姹傜粏鑷村拰鍗庣編鐨勮壓鏈?姹熷崡鐨勮姳楦熼奔铏€佸北姘撮鍏変负涓伙紝娉ㄩ噸鍐欏疄涓庤楗扮浉缁撳悎锛?     鏁堟灉锛岀唬鍝侀€夋枡鐨嗕负涓婄瓑锛屽枩鐢ㄩ噾閾剁瓑鐐圭紑锛屽敖鏄惧ア渚堝崕
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鑻忕唬鐨勫缇庣珛瓒充簬姘戜紬鐨勬棩甯哥敓娲伙紝缁忚繃鍘嗗彶鐨勭Н绱笌        鍏绘€ф垨浣滀负浜插弸闂寸ぜ灏氬線鏉ョ殑绀煎搧锛屾晠鑰屽叿鏈夎緝楂樼殑鍒?鍒涙柊锛屾棦淇濈暀浜嗕紶缁熺殑缇庡鐞嗗康锛屽張浣撶幇浜嗕笌鏃朵勘杩涚殑        缁ｅ伐鑹烘按骞冲拰瀹＄編鎯呰叮銆傛皯闂村疄鐢ㄧ唬娑夊強闈㈣緝骞匡紝鎵€浣?鑹烘湳椋庢牸銆?                          鐢ㄧ殑璁捐闃跺眰涓嶅悓锛屽己璋冨湪瀹炵敤鐨勫熀纭€涓婂吋椤捐楗版€с€?
2.3 鑻忕唬鐨勬枃鍖栧唴娑?                    3.1.2 閽堟硶瑕佺礌
                                      鎹嫃宸炲埡缁ｇ爺绌舵墍涓撳鏁寸悊锛屼紶缁熻嫃缁ｅ父瑙侀拡娉曞彲
      鑻忕唬浣滀负涓浗浼犵粺鏂囧寲鐨勯噸瑕佺粍鎴愰儴鍒嗭紝涓嶄粎鏄竴绉?                                                                                           路7路</code></pre>
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